Reducing flakiness in aggregate: why the cavity matters more than the model

Flakiness is produced by the crushing cavity, not by the machine badge. A laminated cavity — where material is crushed between layers rather than against a flat surface — produces far fewer elongated particles.

Changing the cavity profile on an existing cone crusher is often cheaper than buying a new machine, and on one Nigerian project it cut the flakiness index from 22 % to 9 %.